Workers in the Arctic open-pit mines are exposed to harsh weather conditions. Employers are required to provide protective clothing for workers. This can be the outer layer, but sometimes also inner or middle layers are provided. This study aimed to determine how the Arctic open-pit miners protect themselves against cold and the sufficiency, and the selection criteria of the garments. Workers' cold experiences and the clothing in four Arctic open-pit mines in Finland, Sweden, Norway and Russia were evaluated by a questionnaire (n=1323). Basic thermal insulation (Icl) of the reported clothing was estimated (ISO 9920). The Icl of clothing from the mines were also measured by thermal manikin (standing/walking) in 0.3 and 4.0 m/s wind. The questionnaire showed that the Icl of the selected clothing was on average 1.2 and 1.5 clo in mild (-5 to +5°C) and dry cold (-20 to -10°C) conditions, respectively. The Icl of the clothing measured by thermal manikin was 1.9w2.3 clo. The results show that the Arctic open-pit miners' selected their clothing based on occupational (time outdoors), environmental (temperature, wind, moisture) and individual factors (cold sensitivity, general health). However, the selected clothing was not sufficient to prevent cooling completely at ambient temperatures below -10°C.
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机译：北极露天矿的工人面临恶劣的天气条件。雇主必须为工人提供防护服。这可以是外层，但有时也可以提供内层或中间层。这项研究旨在确定北极露天矿工如何保护自己免受寒冷和充足的水分，以及服装的选择标准。通过问卷调查（n = 1323）评估了芬兰，瑞典，挪威和俄罗斯四个北极露天矿的工人的寒冷经历和衣服。评估了报告衣物的基本隔热（Icl）（ISO 9920）。还通过热人体模型（站立/行走）在0.3和4.0 m / s的风中测量了矿井衣服的Icl。调查表显示，所选衣服的Icl在温和（-5至+ 5°C）和干冷（-20至-10°C）条件下平均分别为1.2和1.5克。通过热人体模型测得的衣服的Icl为1.9w2.3clo。结果表明，北极露天采矿者是根据职业（户外时间），环境（温度，风，湿气）和个人因素（感冒，一般健康）选择衣服的。但是，所选的衣服不足以防止在低于-10°C的环境温度下完全冷却。
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